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  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>njbms</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>NJBMS</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>0976-6626</PISSN>
      <EISSN>2455-1740</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 9, Issue 3</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>January - March 2019</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Microbiology</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Detection of Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance among Escherichia coli from various clinical samples</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>128</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>133</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Kavyashri.J</FirstName>
          <LastName/>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Venkata Raghavendra Rao.A</FirstName>
          <LastName/>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Indra</FirstName>
          <LastName>Priyadharsini.R</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI>10.31975/NJBMS.2019.9304</DOI>
      <Abstract>Introduction: Fluroquinolones are one of the most potent antimicrobial against gram positive and gram negative organisms. Most of the gram negative organisms are developing resistance to fluroquinolones due to Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance genes. It is essential to detect the genes responsible for resistance to ensure effective antimicrobial therapy. The important genes identified are qnr A, qnr B, qnr S and aac(6')-Ib-cr. Aim and Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli and to detect the genes responsible for Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance among them. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected from patients with active infection. Blood agar and Mac Conkey agar was used for culture. Colony morphology, Gram staining, biochemical reactions were used to identify Escherichia coli. Antibiotic susceptibility testing, E - test and PCR were done. Results: Our study showed 31.00% isolates of E.coli positive for acc (6')-Ib-cr., 24.5% isolates positive for qnr A, 2.5% isolates positive for a combination of aac (6')-Ib-cr and qnr A and 5.0% isolates positive for a combination of aac (6')-Ib-cr and qnr B. Conclusion: This study demonstrates qnr A, qnr B and aac (6')-Ib-cr genes responsible for Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli. Higher level of resistance is associated with aac (6')-Ib-cr gene.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Escherichia coli, Fluoroquinolones, Ciprofloxacin, Antibiotic Susceptibility Test,Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://njbms.in/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=6333&amp;title=Detection of Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance among Escherichia coli from various clinical samples</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References/>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
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